Efectos de la intensidad del entrenamiento de equipo y utilización en la validez de las pruebas de rendimiento físico: un análisis basado en el género
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55040/s9km2e63Palabras clave:
potencia, agilidad, intensidad del ejercicio, géneroResumen
Physical components such as power and agility are crucial elements in athletic performance, but the influence of exercise intensity and gender differences on adaptation to both still vary. This study aims to examine the effect of exercise intensity (60% vs. 90%) and gender on power and agility. The research method involved 52 subjects (26 men and 26 women, aged 19–22 years) who were divided into four groups based on intensity. The exercise program used the squad and utilization method for 8 weeks with a frequency of 3 times per week. Measurement instruments included the Hexagonal Obstacle Test, Illinois Agility Test, Triple Hop Test, and Vertical Jump Test. The results showed that in men, 60% intensity was sufficient to improve simple agility and horizontal power. Conversely, women required 90% intensity to achieve significant improvements in both variables. For vertical power, 90% intensity was required for both men and women. However, no intensity had a significant effect on complex agility in either gender. In conclusion, physical adaptation is influenced by intensity and gender, with women tending to require higher stimuli to optimally recruit type II muscle fibers.
Referencias
Aslam, S., Habyarimana, J. D. D., & Bin, S. Y. (2025). Neuromuscular adaptations to resistance training in elite versus recreational athletes. June, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1598149
Bompa, T. O., & Buzzichelli, C. A. (2022). Periodization of strength training for sports. Human Kinetics eBooks. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781718225428
Campillo, R. R., Castillo, A., de la Fuente, C. I., & Campos-Jara, C., Andrade, D. C., Álvarez, C., Martínez, C., Castro-Sepúlveda, M., Pereira, A., Marques, M. C., & Izquierdo, M. (2014). High-speed resistance training is more effective than low-speed resistance training to increase functional capacity and muscle performance in older women. Experimental Gerontology, 58, 51–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2014.07.001
Cenizo-benjumea, J. M., Vázquez-, F. J., Ferreras-mencía, S., & Gálvez-gonzález, J. (2022). Efecto de un programa gamificado sobre la condición física y la coordinación motriz Effect of a gamified program on physical fitness and motor coordination. Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 17(52), 167–177. https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v17i52.1786
Chattanta, V., Verma, N., & Mehra, P. (2024). Quantifying the difference between male and female agility in football players: A cross-sectional study. Physical Therapy in Sport, 70, 90–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.10.002
Davison, R. C. R., Smith, P. M., Hopker, J., Science, E., Price, M. J., Hettinga, F., Tew, G., & Bottoms, L. (n.d.). Sport and Exercise Physiology Testing Guidelines.
Feng, L., & Liu, H. (2026). The impact of warm-up intensity on lower- limb explosive power and agility performance in male university football athletes. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 18(120), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-025-01524-5
Ferrini, M., Asian-clemente, J., & Bagattini, G. (2025). A Combined 7-Week Strength and Power Training : Effects on Body Composition , Strength , Speed , and Agility in U14 and U16 Youth Elite Soccer Players. 1–16.
Franklin, B. A., Eijsvogels, T. M. H., Pandey, A., Quindry, J., & Toth, P. P. (2022). American Journal of Preventive Cardiology Physical activity , cardiorespiratory fitness , and cardiovascular health : A clinical practice statement of the American Society for Preventive Cardiology Part II : Physical activity , cardiorespiratory fitness , minimum and goal intensities for exercise training , prescriptive methods , and special patient populations. American Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 12(September), 100425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2022.100425
Haag, E. L., & Weyand, P. G. (2025). Sex performance differences in vertical and horizontal jumping. Royal Society Open Science, 12, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.241920/2823363/rsos.241920.pdf
Hadiono, N., Hijriansyah, D. K., Ramadhana, R., Pribadi, A., Huda, N., Yuniarto, A., Hariadi, I., & Prasetyo, Y. B. (2025). (2025). High intensity interval training (HIIT) VS moderate intensity training (MIT) for interleukin-6 (IL-6) in obesity. Sportis Scientific Journal of School Sport Physical Education and Psychomotricity, 11(4), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2025.11.4.12016
Haizlip, K. M., Harrison, B. C., & Leinwand, L. A. (2015). Sex-Based Differences in Skeletal Muscle Kinetics and Fiber-Type Composition. 30(1), 30–39. https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00024.2014
Handelsman, D. J., Hirschberg, A. L., & Bermon, S. (2018). Circulating Testosterone as the Hormonal Basis of Sex Di ff erences in Athletic Performance. Endocrine Reviews, 39(5), 803–829. https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2018-00020
Hu, R., Zhao, M., Shen, X., & Wang, Z. (2025). The effects of an 8-week complex training program on lower limb explosive power and movement agility in adolescent female badminton players. September, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2025.1678866
Hung, C., Su, C., & Wang, D. (2025). The Role of High-Intensity Interval Training ( HIIT ) in Neuromuscular Adaptations : Implications for Strength and Power Development — A Review The Role of High-Intensity Interval Training ( HIIT ) in Neuromuscular Adaptations : Implications for Strength and Power Development — A Review. 0–23. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202503.1163.v1
Kızılca, S., Kahraman, M. Z., Okut, S., Arslan, E., Bilici, Ö. F., & Çelik, İ. (2026). High-intensity interval training improves the reactive strength index and motor ability of youth football players. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 18(137), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-026-01560-9
Landen, S., Jacques, M., Hiam, D., Romero, J. A., Harvey, N. R., Haupt, L. M., Griffiths, L. R., Ashton, K. J., Lamon, S., Voisin, S., & Eynon, N. (2021). Skeletal muscle methylome and transcriptome integration reveals profound sex differences related to muscle function and substrate metabolism. Clinical Epigenetics, 13(202), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13148-021-01188-1
Mahapatra, C., & Abhinandan, A. (2023). Correlation between speed and agility with an influence of gender in adolescent Kho ‑ Kho players — an observational study. Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43161-023-00148-5
Makhlouf, A. I., Tayech, A., Mejri, M. A., & Haddad, M. (2022). Reliability and validity of a modified Illinois change-of-direction test with ball dribbling speed in young soccer players. Biology of Sport, 39(2), 295–306. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2022.104917
Negra, Y., Chaabene, H., Hammami, M., Amara, S., Sammoud, S., Mkaouer, B., & Hachana, Y. (2016). Agility in young athletes: Is it a different ability from speed and power. 31(3), 727–735. https://doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000001543
Olsen, O. R., Bojsen-Møller, J., & Aagaard, P. (2025). Post-Activation Performance Enhancement in Strength and Power Sports—A Narrative Review. Medicine and Science in Sports, 35(11). https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.70162
Pancar, Z., Karaca, B., Chen, Y., Antonio, J., Fuentes, S., Ledesma, S. N., Barbero-álvarez, J. C., & González-fernández, F. T. (2025). Curve Sprint Ability as an Indicator of Neuromuscular Function and Physical Fitness in Youth Soccer Players : Comparative Insights from U14 and U16 Groups. 1–19.
Plotkin, D. L., Roberts, M. D., Haun, C. T., & Schoenfeld, B. J. (2021). Muscle Fiber Type Transitions with Exercise Training : Shifting Perspectives. Sports, 9(9), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports9090127
Ramos G. N. V., Tovar Montaño, J. G., Gaviria Chavarro, J., Orejuela Aristizabal, D. F., & Rojas Padilla, I. C. (2025). Relationship among anthropometric profile, vo2max and power output in road and track cyclists; a narrative revision. 11(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2025.11.1.11218
Roberts, B. M., Nuckols, G., Krieger, J. W., Llc, S., & Carolina, N. (2020). Sex Differences in Resistance Training : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 34(5), 1448–1460. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003521
Rong, W., Geok, S. K., Samsudin, S., Zhao, Y., & Ma, H. (2025). Effects of strength training on neuromuscular adaptations in the development of maximal strength : a systematic review and meta- analysis. 1–18.
Shiraz, S., Salimei, C., Aracri, M., Lorenzo, C. Di, Farsetti, P., Parisi, A., Iellamo, F., Caminiti, G., & Perrone, M. A. (2024). The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Cognitive and Physical Skills in Basketball and Soccer Players.
Sinkovic, F., Novak, D., Foretic, N., Kim, J., & Subramanian, S. V. (2023). The plyometric treatment effects on change of direction speed and reactive agility in young tennis players : a randomized controlled trial. August 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1226831
Söyler, M. (2022). Examination of the effects of reactive agility and planned change of direction skills on Self Defense techniques in private security and protection program students. Sportis Scientific Journal of School Sport Physical Education and Psychomotricity, 8(3), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2022.8.3.9008
Stone, M. H., Hornsby, W. G., Suarez, D. G., Duca, M., & Pierce, K. C. (2022). Training Specificity for Athletes: Emphasis on Strength-Power Training: A Narrative Review.
Sun, M., Soh, K. G., Cao, S., Yaacob, A. Bin, Ma, S., & Ding, C. (2025). Effects of speed , agility, and quickness training on athletic performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Wang, X., Soh, K. G., Zhang, L., Liu, X., Ma, S., Zhao, Y., & Sun, C. (2025). Effects of high-intensity functional training on physical fitness in healthy individuals: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
Wendt, A., Silva, M., Gon, H., Menezes, A., Barros, F., & Wehrmeister, F. C. (2022). Short-term effect of physical activity on sleep health: A population-based study using accelerometry. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 11(5), 630–638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.04.007
Zhou, X., Li, J., & Jiang, X. (2024). Effects of different types of exercise intensity on improving health ‑ related physical fitness in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Scientific Reports, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64830-x
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Devi Tirtawirya, Okky Indera Pamungkas, Heru Prasetyo, Hadiono, Andryas Yuniarto (Autor/a)
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Las obras que se publican en esta revista están sujetas a los siguientes términos:
1. El autor conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright) de las obras publicadas, y concede el derecho de la primera publicación a la revista.
2. Las obras se publican en la edición electrónica de la revista bajo una licencia Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual (texto legal). Se pueden copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente, siempre que: i) se cite la autoría y la fuente original de su publicación (revista, editorial y URL de la obra); ii) no se usen para fines comerciales; iii) se mencione la existencia y especificaciones de esta licencia de uso.
3. Condiciones de auto-archivo. Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir electrónicamente las versiones post-print (versión editorial), ya que favorece su circulación y difusión más temprana y con ello un posible aumento en su citación y alcance entre la comunidad académica. Además de poder publicar los artículos en repositorios y diferentes soportes que colaboren en la difusión de la información, siempre que sea la versión post-print (versión editorial). Color RoMEO: Azul.
