El autoconcepto multidimensional en los estudiantes de ciencias del deporte: una comparación transversal entre los practicantes de deportes individuales y de equipo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55040/syxmd278Palabras clave:
autoconcepto, deportes de equipo, deportes individuales, estudiantes de ciencias del deporteResumen
La práctica deportiva desempeña un papel significativo en el desarrollo del autoconcepto, un constructo multidimensional que abarca los ámbitos físico, emocional, familiar, social y académico. Sin embargo, los datos disponibles siguen siendo limitados en cuanto a cómo la modalidad deportiva se relaciona con estas dimensiones en los estudiantes de Ciencias del Deporte, una población que se encuentra en proceso de formación profesional en los ámbitos de la actividad física y el deporte. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar la asociación entre la modalidad deportiva (individual frente a colectiva) y el autoconcepto multidimensional mediante un diseño comparativo transversal. Una muestra de 128 estudiantes universitarios de Ciencias del Deporte (44 % deportes individuales; 56 % deportes colectivos) completó un cuestionario validado de autoconcepto. Los análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios respaldaron la validez factorial y la fiabilidad del instrumento. Las diferencias entre grupos se analizaron mediante pruebas t para muestras independientes. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes que practicaban deportes de equipo presentaban niveles significativamente más altos de autoconcepto familiar y social, aunque los tamaños del efecto fueron pequeños. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el autoconcepto físico, emocional o académico, lo que sugiere un perfil relativamente homogéneo en estas dimensiones. Estos hallazgos deben interpretarse como asociativos más que causales. Desde una perspectiva aplicada, estos resultados pueden servir de base para el diseño de estrategias educativas y de entrenamiento destinadas a fomentar competencias interpersonales e intrapersonales clave en futuros profesionales del deporte.
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