Eficacia del entrenamiento físico basado en juegos sobre la capacidad aeróbica y anaeróbica en jugadores de voleibol de 15 a 18 años: un ensayo controlado aleatorizado

Autores/as

  • Andriansyah Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia Autor/a
  • Sumaryanto Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia Autor/a
  • Ngatman Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia Autor/a
  • Trisnar Adi Prabowo Universitas Muhammadiyah Brebes, Indonesia Autor/a https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6977-0503

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55040/wgyhje81

Palabras clave:

entrenamiento físico, entrenamiento basado en juegos, capacidad de resistencia, jóvenes atletas de voleibol, métodos de entrenamiento de voleibol

Resumen

El voleibol es un deporte intermitente que requiere capacidad tanto aeróbica como anaeróbica; por lo tanto, los enfoques de entrenamiento deben ajustarse a estas demandas fisiológicas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la efectividad del entrenamiento físico basado en el juego sobre la resistencia aeróbica y anaeróbica en jugadores de voleibol de 15 a 18 años. El estudio empleó un diseño de ensayo controlado aleatorizado con un formato pretest-postest que involucró a dos grupos. Un total de 48 jugadores de voleibol de 15 a 18 años (24 hombres y 24 mujeres) fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un grupo de intervención (entrenamiento físico basado en el juego) y a un grupo de control (entrenamiento convencional). La intervención se llevó a cabo durante 8 semanas (24 sesiones) con una intensidad del 65-85%. La resistencia aeróbica se midió utilizando la Prueba de Recuperación Intermitente Yo-Yo Nivel 1 (YYIR1), mientras que la resistencia anaeróbica se evaluó utilizando la prueba de Capacidad de Sprint Repetido de 10 × 20 metros con Tiempo Total de Sprint como indicador. Los datos se analizaron utilizando un análisis multivariado de covarianza (MANCOVA). Los resultados mostraron un efecto de grupo significativo en las puntuaciones post-test combinadas de capacidad aeróbica y anaeróbica (p < 0,001; η² parcial = 0,738). El análisis univariado reveló que el grupo afectó significativamente tanto la capacidad aeróbica post-test (p < 0,001; η² parcial = 0,508) como la capacidad anaeróbica post-test (p < 0,001; η² parcial = 0,687). El entrenamiento físico basado en juegos fue más efectivo que el entrenamiento convencional para mejorar la resistencia aeróbica y anaeróbica en jugadores de voleibol de 15 a 18 años. Los estudios futuros deberían emplear diseños más completos, mediciones objetivas y períodos de intervención más prolongados.

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2026-08-01

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