Perfiles de rendimiento de jugadores profesionales masculinos de fútbol playa: Evidencia del equipo nacional de Serbia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55040/8nkzrs86Palabras clave:
antropometría;, condición física;, deportes en arena;, rendimiento deportivoResumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar el perfil de rendimiento de jugadores masculinos de élite de fútbol playa, con especial énfasis en las características antropométricas, las capacidades físicas y la función neuromuscular según la posición de juego. Un total de dieciocho jugadores profesionales de la selección nacional de Serbia (28.7 ± 5.62 años; 182.7 ± 4.99 cm; 82.1 ± 7.57 kg) participaron en el estudio, incluidos porteros (n = 3), defensores (n = 5), centrocampistas (n = 5) y delanteros (n = 5). Todos los participantes realizaron una batería completa de evaluaciones, que incluyó composición corporal, rendimiento en sprint (5 m, 10 m y 5 m lanzados), agilidad (pruebas zig-zag y 505), potencia del tren inferior (saltos countermovement y squat) y flexibilidad (sit-and-reach). Se observaron efectos posicionales elevados en el salto countermovement (ε² = 0.343), el salto squat (ε² = 0.325) y la flexibilidad (ε² = 0.325). Los análisis de correlación indicaron relaciones significativas entre la composición corporal, la velocidad de sprint, la agilidad y las variables neuromusculares. Los modelos de regresión mostraron que un mayor porcentaje de grasa corporal se asoció con tiempos de sprint más lentos (β = 0.61–0.62, p < 0.01), mientras que una mayor masa muscular (β = –0.53 a –0.51, p < 0.05) y un mayor rendimiento en el salto countermovement (β = –0.48, p = 0.046) se asociaron con un mejor rendimiento en sprint. Estos hallazgos proporcionan a los entrenadores un perfil de referencia práctico, exploratorio y específico por posición para el perfilado antropométrico y físico en el fútbol playa de élite. Investigaciones futuras deberían incorporar pruebas específicas en arena para mejorar la evaluación, la optimización del entrenamiento y la prevención de lesiones.
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