La competencia percibida como predictor de la motivación hacia el ejercicio en la Educación Física: una vía hacia conductas sostenidas de promoción de la salud
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55040/w2t23828Palabras clave:
autorregulación, compromiso con la actividad física, determinantes psicológicos, autoeficacia, motivación estudiantilResumen
Este estudio examinó la competencia percibida como predictor de la motivación hacia el ejercicio en la Educación Física, con el objetivo de aclarar cómo las autopercepciones de capacidad de los estudiantes influyen en su orientación motivacional hacia la actividad física. Se empleó un diseño de investigación cuantitativo, específicamente de tipo descriptivo-correlacional, con la participación de 733 estudiantes universitarios seleccionados mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Los datos se recopilaron utilizando instrumentos estandarizados, incluyendo la Escala de Competencia Percibida y el Cuestionario de Regulación Conductual en el Ejercicio-3, ambos con índices de confiabilidad aceptables. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas como la media y la media compuesta para evaluar los niveles de competencia percibida y motivación hacia el ejercicio, mientras que la correlación de rangos de Spearman se empleó para analizar la relación entre las variables. Los resultados revelaron que la competencia percibida fue muy alta (M = 3.34), con indicadores sólidos en competencia de habilidades (M = 3.33), percepción de mejora (M = 3.42) y competencia comparativa (M = 3.26). La motivación hacia el ejercicio también se encontró en un nivel elevado (M = 3.52), abarcando motivación intrínseca (M = 3.51), regulación identificada (M = 3.56) y motivación externa (M = 3.49). El análisis de correlación indicó una relación fuerte y estadísticamente significativa entre la competencia percibida y la motivación hacia el ejercicio (r = .724, p = .001). Estos hallazgos sugieren que la creencia de los estudiantes en sus habilidades físicas está estrechamente asociada con su nivel de motivación para participar en el ejercicio, lo que refleja la importancia de los determinantes psicológicos en la Educación Física. Los resultados también implican que las percepciones de competencia desempeñan un papel vital en la configuración del compromiso y la persistencia de los estudiantes en la actividad física. En conclusión, la competencia percibida actúa como un predictor clave de la motivación hacia el ejercicio, reforzando su relevancia para comprender y promover la participación sostenida en conductas relacionadas con la salud entre estudiantes universitarios.
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